Jones & Bartlett Learning (JBL) Module 4A Practice Exam

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• The term pharmacology is defined as which of the following?
• You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should:
• Which statement about the use of epinephrine in anaphylaxis is most accurate in EMS practice?
• What is cultural competence in nursing?
• In apparent suicide attempt involving amitriptyline, when transporting this patient, you should be MOST alert for:
• Which component is essential to airborne precautions?
• After assisting a patient with an inhaler during an acute asthma attack, what is the best next step?
• Activated charcoal is given in poison ingestions because it:
• Which component of a clinical note outlines the plan for future care?
• The 2009 H1N1 swine flu pandemic and the 1919 Spanish flu were both examples of:
• Which action best describes titration?
• The recommended treatment for absorbed or contact poisons includes _________.
• Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would be contraindicated in which scenario?
• Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in patients:
• Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the:
• Heroin is an example of a(n):
• The term 'pharmacology' is MOST accurately defined as:
• What is the route of administration for the epinephrine auto-injector in anaphylaxis?
• Under EMS protocol, who must authorize a medication administration by an EMT?
• The signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:
• Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences absorption?
• LVAD patient: Which condition should you suspect?
• A patient with LVAD presenting with chest pain is most likely to have experienced which event?
• The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:
• Which precautions are used to prevent airborne transmission?
• Which term describes the process of ensuring antibiotics are used appropriately to minimize resistance?
• Which term describes the clinician's anticipation of potential problems based on patient presentation?
• An overdose of acetaminophen will MOST likely cause:
• What is the primary difference between equity and equality in patient care?
• You arrive at a residence where a man found his wife unresponsive on the couch. The patient’s respiratory rate is 8 breaths/min, her breathing is shallow, her heart rate is 40 beats/min, and her pulse is weak. The husband hands you an empty bottle of hydrocodone, which was refilled the day before. You should:
• Which of the following is a component of the five rights of medication administration?
• Bioavailability refers to which of the following?
• Barrel-shaped chest is most commonly associated with which chronic lung disease?
• What does parenteral mean?
• A child with an RSV infection presents with decreased air entry bilaterally, fine expiratory wheezes, and coarse wet crackles. The most likely diagnosis is?
• Which clinical sign would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan)?
• A 49-year-old male with confusion, sweating, and visual hallucinations in the setting of heavy alcohol use is most likely experiencing which condition?
• Which of the following lists factors that influence drug absorption?
• Which finding is important to assess in a patient with a suspected neurologic problem?
• A COPD patient with emphysema experiences sudden shortness of breath and chest pain, a barrel-shaped chest, and unilateral diminished breath sounds after a forceful cough. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• Activated charcoal is an example of a(n):
• Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for complications caused by the influenza virus?
• For a drug with a narrow therapeutic index, what is a critical nursing consideration?
• What does half-life mean in pharmacology?
• Which risk factor for acute myocardial infarction cannot be controlled?
• A 66-year-old female with chest pressure; which action should you take?
• A patient taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) and amlodipine (Norvasc) most likely has a history of which condition?
• A pleural effusion is BEST defined as which of the following?
• What is the primary purpose of a medical record?
• Which statement correctly identifies the normal adult respiratory rate?
• Which scenario represents a rules-based medication error?
• Crackles (rales) are caused by which physiological process?
• Which of the following is NOT one of the five rights of medication administration?
• What is the correct expansion for the medication abbreviation PO?
• Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker?
• After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:
• Which of the following is a common sign of infection?
• An infectious disease is most accurately defined as:
• Which of the following is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition?
• Which of the following describes subjective data?
• Which of the following is NOT a component of a SOAP note?
• Air medical transport is most appropriate for which scenario?
• Prior to attaching the AED, which action is recommended if the chest is wet?
• Which of the following is bacterium resistant to most antibiotics and causes skin abscesses?
• The primary purpose of most prehospital interventions is to:
• Inhaled poisoning cases, which step is the EMS provider most likely to perform as the immediate action?
• What is the normal resting heart rate range for adults?
• Which overdose is most closely associated with the triad of hypotension, slowed respiration, and pinpoint pupils?
• Victims of inhaled poisoning will require which of the following?
• What defines an isotonic solution?
• What is orthostatic hypotension?
• Which statement describes pediatric dosing in EMS?
• Which vital signs should be monitored after administering IV fluids?
• Medications encased in a gelatin shell that are taken by mouth are called:
• In suspected acute coronary syndrome with crushing chest pain, which action is appropriate first?
• What does NPO indicate before a surgical procedure?
• A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when:
• In a health care worker who tests positive on a tuberculin skin test after exposure to TB, the most likely interpretation is:
• Which organ is most at risk after acetaminophen overdose?
• Which routes have rapid absorption?
• What do the abbreviations PO, IV, and IM stand for?
• Which statement differentiates subjective and objective data in nursing assessment?
• According to the case, you are attending to a 27-year-old male driver who had been acting strangely and then unconscious, with diabetes and stress. This is an example of a:
• External defibrillator vest interference; EMT should:
• What is the primary purpose of medication reconciliation?
• Asthma is caused by a response of which body system?
• Why is hand hygiene critical in infection control?
• The signs of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:
• Which lab value best indicates kidney function?
• Which action is recommended when evaluating a suspected overdose scene to ensure safety?
• Which patient population typically requires a modified drug dose?
• When caring for a known alcoholic patient with severe trauma to the chest and abdomen, you should be concerned that:
• Which device is used to measure blood pressure noninvasively?
• In chest pain scenario, what is the recommended aspirin dose?
• Informed consent entails which of the following?
• Which statement about opioid overdose management is consistent with the cases described?
• When should adverse drug reactions be documented?
• While assisting a paramedic in resuscitation of a patient in cardiac arrest, you should expect the paramedic to:
• Which statement best describes the mechanism of angina pectoris?
• A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because:
• Which abbreviation means intravenous?
• PASTE is an alternate assessment tool used for which patient population?
• Which of the following is required for an EMT to administer a drug to a patient?
• Which statement is true about bioavailability?
• What is the most appropriate action when a patient is critically ill and transport to hospital will be lengthy?
• When approaching a patient with suspected infectious disease, the immediate safety step is to implement:
• Which is a key step in aseptic technique?
• In which part of the lungs does respiration (gas exchange) primarily occur?
• You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should:
• Before surgery, what does NPO require?
• Which statement best differentiates a drug interaction from a contraindication?
• Identify common intramuscular injection sites in adults.
• Ten days after exposure to a patient with tuberculosis, a tuberculin skin test yields a positive result. The most likely interpretation is:
• Which statement about parenteral medications is correct?
• Most treatments provided in the prehospital setting are intended to ________.
• Which are the components of a SOAP note?
• Define tachypnea.
• After evaluating chest pain, which statement about initial management is true?
• You and your paramedic partner are caring for a patient who ingested codeine, acetaminophen (Tylenol), and hydrocodone (Vicodin). The patient is unresponsive, his breathing is slow and shallow, and his pulse is slow and weak. Treatment for this patient should include:
• Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it:
• The determination of high-priority versus low-priority transport is typically made after the primary assessment has been completed.
• Which description best describes half-life in pharmacology?
• What does NKA stand for in patient histories?
• Which of the following statements regarding the Salmonella bacterium is correct?
• Which of the following is a common adverse effect of opioids?
• How do poisons typically act to harm the body?
• Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are trade names for the generic medication:
• Which statement about the alveolar region is accurate?
• If the victim of a toxicologic emergency vomits, an EMT should:
• As you enter the residence of a patient who has possibly overdosed, you should:
• Which of the following sets of vital signs would the EMT MOST likely encounter in a patient with acute cocaine overdose?
• Activated charcoal is given to patients who have ingested certain substances because it:
• What is the difference between a therapeutic effect and a toxic effect?
• When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECG, the 'LL' and 'RL' electrodes should be placed:
• In a poisoning scenario, what is the most appropriate initial action for a known opioid overdose with respiratory depression?
• Describe IV infiltration and its signs.
• Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
• Nitroglycerin contraindication: which of the following patient histories is a contraindication?
• What is the normal adult respiratory rate range?
• After sizing up a scene with a possible infectious disease, what is the next priority?
• Which opioid adverse effect is most directly related to central nervous system depression?
• Air medical transport is MOST appropriate in which scenario?
• Most patients with an infectious disease will have ________.
• Which symptom is most commonly associated with infectious diseases?
• Of the four avenues of poisoning, generally ___________ is the most worrisome in terms of treatment to the EMS provider.
• How many milliliters are in 1 liter?
• Which of the following questions would be LEAST pertinent during the initial questioning of a patient who ingested a substance?
• In a toxicologic emergency, what is the proper action if the patient vomits?
• What is titration in pharmacology?
• How should dose rounding be approached in medication administration?
• Which risk factor for AMI is non-modifiable?
• Most poisonings occur via the __________ route.
• A patient with chest pain who has not taken nitroglycerin yet: after administering supplemental oxygen if needed and contacting medical control, which action is appropriate?
• The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if:
• What is the primary purpose of therapeutic drug monitoring?
• For efficient pulmonary gas exchange, which statement best describes the necessary process?
• What is the goal of medication reconciliation?
• In the scenario of a young female with a severe allergic reaction in a park, what is the recommended action when epinephrine auto-injectors are available and you are unable to contact medical control?
• When caring for a patient with an altered mental status and signs of circulatory compromise, you should:
• Which statement accurately differentiates systolic blood pressure from diastolic blood pressure?
• In the scenario with a 66-year-old female chest pain where nitroglycerin is not prescribed but husband has, what should you do?
• Which scale is commonly used to assess pain intensity?
• When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, it is important to remember that:
• What criterion forbids nitroglycerin administration in a chest pain patient?
• In a spontaneous pneumothorax, which exam finding is most consistent?
• Which of the following is a common sign of anaphylaxis?
• Which is an example of an isotonic saline solution?
• Which statement differentiates antiseptic from disinfectant?
• After taking diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for an allergic reaction, a person experiences drowsiness and a dry mouth. These findings are an example of a(n):
• The process of binding or sticking to a surface is called:
• Which dosage form is defined as a medication enclosed in a gelatin shell and taken by mouth?
• Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:
• Which statement is true about bioavailability?
• Low levels of surfactant would lead to which consequence in the alveoli?
• In assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which component is most informative about the cause?
• Which statement about glucose is accurate?
• In a life-threatening allergic reaction where cell signal is lost, which action aligns with EMS practice?
• Which item is typically monitored as part of post-IV fluid monitoring?
• In __________ administration, you are administering medication to yourself or your partner.
• After assisting a patient with a prescribed metered-dose inhaler during an acute asthma attack, what is the best next action?
• Which electrolyte imbalance can cause arrhythmias?
• Which statement best describes equity in patient care?
• The amount of medication that is given is known as the _________.
• Assessment of the medical patient is usually focused on the _______.
• For absorbed poisons, which action is explicitly recommended?
• What is a hospital formulary?
• Which of the following is NOT a common sign of infection?
• Which fasting blood glucose range indicates prediabetes?
• What role does critical thinking play in nursing practice?
• What does absorption mean in pharmacokinetics?
• A person who routinely misuses a substance and requires increasing amounts to achieve the same effect is experiencing:
• Which profile has the highest risk for influenza complications?
• What is antibiotic stewardship?
• When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of the problem?
• Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
• The BEST way to prevent infection from whooping cough is to:
• Which of the following is an example of a rules-based medication error?
• What is the primary purpose of HIPAA in healthcare?
• The determination of whether a medical patient is a high-priority or low-priority transport is typically made:
• Which of the following statements is not supported by the Salmonella item in the material?
• Which statement best describes critical thinking in nursing?
• In an anaphylactic emergency with hypotension and facial swelling, what is the MOST important treatment?
• The electrical impulse that initiates the heartbeat originates in which structure?
• Which practice helps maintain a sterile field during procedures?
• Palliative care vs curative treatment: which statement is true?
• Angina pectoris occurs when:
• In bronchiolitis due to RSV, which auscultation finding is commonly observed?
• Which term describes a medication that is gelatin-coated and intended for oral administration?
• Which statement best defines a contraindication?